Combined oil and gas burner.



1.1. RALSTON COMBINED 0H. AND GAS BURNER.

APPL-ICATION NLE-D SANA 12, i917- pmmed my 17, 1917.

NVENTOR l. alpn/ ii, w11@ WITNESSES ATTORNEY ISAAC J'. l.`\ALS'l.O1\T,` OF BROKVILLE, PENlSYlJi/"Allla, ASSIGNOR OTE UNE-HALF TO CHARLES L. NELSON, Ol BLtOKVLLE, PENNSYLVANIA..

Application led January 12, 1917.

T0 all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, ISAAC J. llALsToN, a citizen of the United States, residing` at Brookville, in the county of Jefferson and Stateof Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Combined Uil and Gas Burners, oi' which. the following is a specification.

This invention relates to liquid and gaseA ous fuel burners, and more especially to those adapted for burning gas and oil si1nultaneously or separately; and the object of the same is to improve the structure oll a burner of this type so that the air admitted to mix with the liuid fuel may never exceed the proper proportion.

This and other objects are carried out by constructing my burner in the manner hereinafter described and claimed, and as shown in the drawings wherein- I Figure 1 is a side elevation of this burner complete, omitting the several. feed pipes.

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3 3 in Fig. 2.

This burner is intendedr for use' in a glass Ilattening oven. It comprises three concentric tubes whereof the outermost constitutes the shell and extends at its forward end beyond the others so that its outlet may be flattened, as shown, to form the mouth ot this burner. AWhile l have shown it as liattened because l find the best results to 'follow such a shape of the mouth when the` burner is used for some purposes. it will be clear that the outlet end of the shell could be given another shape for other purposes or could carry' a separate element constituting the mouth of the burner. and. therefore. l'. do not wish to be limited in this respect. Moreover, while I ha vi shown the several tuhesas strictly concentric. and as connected with each other and adapted to be connected with their supply pipes b v certain plumbing elements. as described below, it is to be understood that this showingis simply for purposes of illustrating one eiiective manner in which my invention may be carried dut, and l claim the widest latitude with respect thereto.

Coming now to details as shown in the drawings, the outer tube or shell l is rather large, and is here contracted and flattened at its front end into a mouth 2. Its rear end 1s threaded, as at 3, into one arm of a which is prei Specification of Letters Zea-tent. llaftemtml July lil, lllllll 'il-coupling et, and into the stein of this coupling is admitted air where indicated, probably throughv a pipe having; a proper valve, not shown. :into the other arni oi' the coupling is screwed a hollow plug` or bushing 5 whose bore is somewhat smaller than the interior of the shell l.

Concentricallj,Y mounted within the shell and extending` completely through the head of the Troupling is the next smaller pipe herein numbered. ll., preferably threaded through the bushing 3, as at '15. and its rear extremity threaded. as 1.3. into one arm ot another and smaller T-coupling 14; and `into the stein of this coupling is admitted where indicated. probably through a 'ipe havinga proper valve, not shown. The rear arm 01"' said coug'lling let carries another and smaller hollow plu or bus front lend ol the pipe carries a cap ll blv' sere .l onto the saine so that it may be removed and replaced by another. when de and this cap is provided vsith oblioI v' disposed perfor-ations or sprayY holes i8, so that the gas is directed out off tl saine and against the inner Jace of the l rather than vt'oi.\vard on lines parallel with its axis and directlv into what l will herein refer to as the mixing' chamber ll).

The third and smallest nieniber oi 'the series is the central pipe :2l which is longer than either the shell or the pipe and extends through the bore ot the latter and beyond both its ends. The rear end ot the pipe 2l u'iav he thi-e l red at 26 where it extends tl'nough the husoing lid. and in rear of the la'ttei it may' carri7 a nut To this end oil admitted' as indicated. probably through a pipe having a proper valve. not shown. The other end oit this pipe 'is threaded. as at 2Q., and the 17 may well be screwed onto these thread Onto forward extremita7 is screwed a cap E27 olits own, this cap having stri ctlv radial outlet perforations or spin v holes 28 so that the oil is delivered radially into said miing chamber lflon lines at right angles to the axis of the entire burner. rather than l-'rrward toward the tapered chamber 29 where the walls oi the shell il are converging; toward its mouth. lt the burner is thus constructedv all parts are removable and interchangeable with other parte. as one skilled in the use ot pipe wcrlr and couplin will understand. Y

(i tl i have not thought it necessary to illusitc the pipes for admitting air, gas and but these will be connected where indil and will have their individual conaires, as usual.' -I have supplied words are admitted, and the passages through which they ow, and from these it will be seen. that oil when used flows through the central tube and out the holes 28 into the .tor rrd. portion of the mixing chamber 19, in which it is broken up into fine particles or spray; whereas the air flows through the annular space rbetween the pipe 11 and the sheil, past the cap 17, and into and through the mixing chamber 19 from which the particles ci' oil are blown into the tapering chamber 29, and thenceout the mouth 2. When gas .is the fuel agent it is admitted between the innermost tubes and directed out the holes or perforations 18 in the cap 1'?, obliqnely forward into the mixing chamher 19; and meanwhile airis admitted through the same annular channel as just described, and carries the tine streams of gas forward in the chamber 19, mixing a proper proportion of air therewith, and blewing the mixture into and through the tapering chamber 29, and out the mouth 2. When both fuel iiuids are employed, the` air is admixed with both, and the mixture follows the same course. It is important to note that the skirt of the cap 17 approaches the .inner wall of the shell closer than the exterior of the pipe 11 which carries said with ,the result that there is a restricted annular space at this point whose total arca is much smaller than the air inlet or any point between it and said space. The

of air through this restricted space com- Wpresses it to an extent and imparts great :speed to it, so that it is driven along the een; tube, as it were, which incloses or suri unida the mixing chamber 19, thereby roll- ,D the contents of the chamber forward Fig. 2 to show ivhere these several Huids result is that the forcing rof a` giyen volume ,inner face of the shell forward of the cap` therein as its periphery travels rapidly along the inner face of the shell, while its core is somewhat impeded in its progress where it travels along the threaded portion 22 of the inner tube 21. I lind this manner ot mixing the air with the gas to be exltremely efiicacious, and certainly it acts as a check to prevent the admission of too much air, while always distributing the air around the exterior of the mixing chamber. I find also that the obliquely directed spray holes 18 give better results than if the fine jets of: gas were directed radially or axially within the shell; but l find that the oil ought to be injected in streams which arc radial, as the disposition of the outlet holes 28 will induce.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

1. The herein described burner comprising a shell tapered at its outlet end, means for admitting air thereto, a pipe concentric with said shell, a cap whose skirt surrounds the front end or said pipe and restricts the size of the air space within the shell at this point, said cap having obliquely disposed outlet openings forward of its skirt, means for supplying one iuid fuel to said pipe, a second pipe extending along the axis of the first-named pipe and through its cap and beyond the saine, and means for sup plying a second liuid fuel to the second pipe.

2. The herein described burner comprising a shell tapered at its outlet end, means for admitting air thereto, a pipe concentric with said shell, a cap whose skirt surrounds the front end ot said pipe and restricts the size of the air space within the shell at this point, said cap having obliquely disposed outlet openings forward of its skirt, means for supplying gas to said pipe, a second pipe extending along the axis of the first-- named pipe and through and beyond its cap, a cap. on the forward end of this pipe pierced with radial outlet openings, and

means for supplying oil to said second pipe.

In testimony whereof lf aiix `my signature.

ISAAC J. RALSTON. 

